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Primary and secondary air pollutants reported from cleaning products and air fresheners

A review and modelling analysis reported that emissions from consumer cleaning products and air fresheners can produce measurable indoor concentrations of both directly emitted and reaction-formed pollutants.

How to read this

This library reports what studies found. An entry describes a study's design, its findings in its own terms, and its limits. Nothing here is a claim about what a Sage Co. home does, delivers, or prevents.

Last reviewed August 30, 2026.

What they studied

  • A review of measured emission data for cleaning agents and air fresheners, combined with indoor chemistry and exposure modelling.
  • The analysis considered directly emitted volatile organic compounds and products formed indoors by reaction with ozone.
  • Scenarios were modelled for typical residential use patterns and ventilation rates.

What they found

  • The authors reported that product use can raise indoor concentrations of specific volatile organic compounds well above outdoor background during and after use.
  • They reported that reactions between emitted terpenes and indoor ozone can generate secondary products, including formaldehyde and fine particles, under the modelled conditions.
  • Ventilation rate was reported as a controlling variable on the resulting modelled concentrations.

What this study does not establish

  • Substantially a modelling analysis; concentrations depend on assumed products, use patterns, and air-exchange rates.
  • Formulations and product markets have changed since publication.
  • No health outcomes were measured in this work.
  • This entry reports the analysis. It is not a statement about any building Sage Co. designs or constructs.

Source

Nazaroff WW, Weschler CJ (2004). Cleaning products and air fresheners: exposure to primary and secondary air pollutants. Atmospheric Environment 38(18):2841–2865.

VOCsterpenesozone chemistryindoor sources

Elsewhere under Materials & Toxicology

Materials & Toxicology domain page