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Classification published for radiofrequency electromagnetic fields

IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans (2013) · IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Volume 102

An international expert working group classified radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B), a classification the monograph describes as reflecting limited evidence.

What they studied

An International Agency for Research on Cancer monograph produced by a working group reviewing published epidemiological, animal, and mechanistic studies of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields.

The review covered occupational, environmental, and personal-device exposure sources.

The working group applied IARC's standard evidence-classification framework.

What they found

The working group classified radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in Group 2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans.

The monograph characterizes the human epidemiological evidence as limited and the experimental animal evidence as limited.

The monograph states that the classification reflects the strength of evidence for a hazard, not an estimate of risk at any particular exposure level.

What it does not establish

A hazard classification, not a dose–response assessment and not an exposure guideline.

The evidence base is described by the working group itself as limited; later reviews by other bodies reach differing conclusions.

Exposure sources reviewed are largely personal devices and transmitters, not residential wiring or fixed building systems.

This entry reports the classification. It is not a statement about any building Sage Co. designs or constructs.

Source

  • IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans (2013). Non-ionizing radiation, Part 2: Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields · IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Volume 102 · Read at the source

Last reviewed August 30, 2026.